ОСОБЛИВОСТІ РЕАГУВАННЯ ІНТЕГРАЦІЙНОГО УГРУПОВАННЯ НАФТА НА ГЕОЕКОНОМІЧНІ ТРАНСФОРМАЦІЇ

Abstract

Introduction. An ambivalent role in the destabilization and the formation of a new global order is played by international economic organizations. Using the targeted policy of the financial sector institutionalization is provided by the asymmetry of economic development between the leading countries and the countries with transitive economies. The processes of regionalization act contrary to such negative manifestations. As a result, the determination of the impact of regional integration groups on the global geoeconomic transformation processes and their reverse reaction to these changes become the issues of special significance.

Purpose. To highlight the features of the response of the Free trade area NAFTA to the geoeconomic transformation of the world based on the analysis of this group’s functioning.

Methods. In the course of solving the tasks various scientific and special methods of investigation have been used, such as logical-historical method (for uncovering the causes of formation and the specifics of the functioning of NAFTA); method of system generalization and empirical analysis (to ensure the demonstration effect of the modern consequences of geoeconomic transformations on the integration group), statistical methods of processing the data are reflected in the tabular and graphic material (to illustrate the interaction between the USA, Canada and Mexico within NAFTA).

Results. The NAFTA countries have quite a moderate level of regulation of the geoeconomic transformations. At the same time, this approach provides stabilization of indicators of domestic trade in the group countries and ensures harmonization of relations in the areas that are beneficial to all three countries. Resistance to crises is the result of a rapid response to imbalances in the monetary and the fiscal sphere rather than of the complementary structure of trade. Negative elements of this system include the lack of coordination in long-term strategic steps and development of programs for responding to such negative geoeconomic processes for these countries, such as: unevenness, increasing differentiation in the level of development between countries, individual regions; differentiation of economic potential in these countries, and, as a consequence, the emergence of centers where the intellectual forces are concentrated and the financial capital is attracted.

Originality. In the existing theoretical and practical works, that concern the regulation of the geoeconomic transformation at the regional level, there are no concepts that would explain the asymmetrical development of national economic systems and significant differentiation of the effects of global financial and economic crises. As a result of the author's analysis, it was substantiated that, despite the degree of integration, in the regional group NAFTA two categories of countries should be distinguished based on geoeconomic influence: dominant countries and following countries. The first category includes countries that have the ability to adjust the dynamics of economic activity at the expense of other countries, without wasting their own resources, they are leaders in the information technology and the post-industrial technology areas. The second category includes countries that do not have the ability to create their own sector of high-tech and institutional barriers. Those countries, which master the core of the future new technological ways quicker, find themselves in the leading position.

Conclusions. Based on the analysis of the dynamics of the major indicators of the functioning of the Free trade area NAFTA the features of its response to the geoeconomic transformations of the world were highlighted. They are realized in the formation of tariff-oriented system of adaptation to the geoeconomic changes. This system is based on the regionalization of trade items and covers common infrastructure, analytical, contractual relations between the analyzed countries. It was proved that within the group there are leading countries (United States, Canada) and the following country (Mexico).

In terms of the openness of the economies of the «following countries», dominant countries can quite easily find the market for the goods, which in other circumstances could cause the overproduction crisis. Taking and providing an influx of capital, the dominant countries enrich themselves with huge and cheap intellectual capital as well, at the same time causing huge economic losses to the countries that are trying to follow their policies. In the long term, the expansion of NAFTA can be taken as a kind of model of the neutralization of crisis manifestations in the economic development of its leading countries. Today, the United States of America partially solve their internal economic problems at the expense of Canada and Mexico.