CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK OF THE FORMATION AND BUSINESS FACTORS OF BIOTECHNOLOGICAL CLUSTERS DEVELOPMENT

Main Article Content

Alina PROSHCHALYKINA
Nataliia ZACHOSOVA
Kateryna ROMASHCHENKO
Anton PROSHCHALYKIN

Abstract

Introduction. One of the technologies that stimulates the country's innovative development by accelerating
the diffusion of innovation is biotechnology. The peculiarity of biotechnology is that they penetrate almost all
spheres of life: from agriculture to the social sphere. The experience of developed countries that have made the
transition to an innovative economy shows the optimality of clusters for the optimal course of diffusion processes
in the biotechnology sector. The use of the cluster approach allows to strengthen the integration of education,
science and production, infrastructure elements and will intensify innovation activities in the regions. Cluster
policy must be an integral part of government innovation policy. Facilitating the formation of clusters does not
require direct financial support from the state, but the creation of tax benefits, reduction of bureaucratic barriers
through the participation of government agencies in these structures and the formation of government guarantees
will be a significant impetus for their development.
The purpose of the article is to determine the organizational and economic factors of development of
biotechnology clusters.
Results. Organizational and economic factors of biotechnology clusters based on the principles of selforganization, complementarity and interdependence, flexibility, synergy, balance and include managerial,
educational-scientific, production-cooperative, financial, information and supply-marketing interaction with in
order to achieve a synergy effect on the effectiveness of production and research activities, expanding sources of
funding for innovative development of biotechnology companies. The expediency of the company's participation
in biotechnology clusters, which provide for assessing the effect not only in terms of costs and benefits, but also
taking into account the growing flexibility of participating companies on economic parameters due to network
resources, social and environmental effects. It is determined that the process of cluster formation involves the
gradual implementation of the following measures: analysis of industries in the region to determine the
specialization of the cluster; identification of possible members of the cluster, study of the effectiveness of their
activities and potential opportunities for the use of by-products of enterprises; formation of joint social, logistical,
transport and production infrastructure; forecast of future costs, sources of investment resources and the
magnitude of the effects.
Originality. The factors of successful development of biotechnology clusters in world practice are revealed:
creation of conditions for scientific researches, development of entrepreneurial initiative and social capital in the
form of interaction between all participants and provision of differentiated financing system. The organizational
and economic mechanism of formation and functioning of biotechnological clusters is offered.
Conclusion. Theoretical substantiation of the processes of formation and functioning of biotechnological
clusters through the definition of management, supply and marketing, educational and scientific, production and
cooperation, financial and informational forms of interaction between its participants. This mechanism confirms
that in order to intensify the development of biotechnology, it is necessary to achieve multilateral interaction
between cluster members. It is substantiated that the application of this mechanism will cause the following
synergetic effects: resource, production, educational, scientific, technological, managerial, infrastructural,
informational, marketing, social.

Article Details

Section
Статті

References

Chiesa V., Chiaroni D. (2005). Industrial Clusters in Biotechnology – Driving Forces, Development

Processes and Management Practices, Imperial College Press, London. https://doi.org/10.1142/p360.

Spielman David J., Zhihu Zeng AND Douglas A, Xingliang Ma. (2014). Clusters, innovation systems

and biotechnology in developing country agriculture. Publisher(s): Edward Elgar publishing

DOI : http://ifpri.worldcat.org/title/handbook-on-agriculture-biotechnology-and-development/oclc/827951256.

Chiaroni Davide, Chiesa Vittorio. (2005). Forms of creation of industrial clusters in biotechnology.

Technovation. Volume 26, Issue 9, September 2006, Pages 1064-1076.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.technovation.2005.09.015 (in Eng)

Su Yu-Shan, Hung Ling-Chun. (2020). A comparison study for biotech clusters from different origins

— do success factors differ? URL: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/242082617_A_comparison_

study_for_biotech_clusters_from_different_origins_-_do_success_factors_differ (Accessed: 17.11.2021).

Haar Jerry, Renko Maija, Carsrud Alan L (2006). What Drives Innovativeness? Entrepreneurship and

Regional Clustering in Three Biotechnology Hotspots. VOL. IV N°1, p. 269-290.

https://doi.org/10.4000/lisa.2342 (in Eng)

Walcott S. M. (2002). Chinese Industrial and Science Parks: Bridging the Gap, The Professional

Geographer 54(3), 349–364. (in Eng)

Prevezer M., Tang H. (2006). Policy-induced Clusters: the Genesis of Biotechnology Clustering on the

East Coast of China in P. Braunerhjelm and M. Feldman (Ed), Cluster Genesis: Technology-Based Industrial

Development, Harvard Business School Press, Boston, MA, 2006, 113-132. (in Eng)

Kykyrydza I., Proshchalikina A. Innovative activity: state and role in economic growth of countries with

transformational economy: monograph. Cherkasy: ChNU, 2011. 168 p. (in Ukr)