DIGITALIZATION OF ECONOMY AND EMPLOYMENT IN THE CONDITIONS OF UKRAINE'S MOVEMENT TO THE EU

Main Article Content

Maryna SEMYKINA
Hryhorii SAVELENKO
Anna KOSTYSHINA

Abstract

Introduction. Digitalization of economy is one of the defining trends of civilizational development, which has a direct impact on the entire sphere of social life, in particular, the employment of population. The research of these processes, search for new opportunities and prospects for the development of the employment sector under the influence of digitalization of the economy may be significantly updated шn the conditions of Ukraine's movement towards the EU.


Purpose. The purpose of the article is to determine the features of the processes of digitalization of the economy and employment and to substantiate the possibilities of supporting the digitalization of employment in Ukraine in the interests of active use of the state's intellectual and labor potential at the stage of European integration.


Results. The article reveals the essence of the digitalization of the economy, which allowed to reveal the peculiarities of this process, which leads to the transformation of employment. The content of digitalization of employment, its challenges, opportunities and consequences are defined, in particular from the point of view of the emergence of new types and forms of employment (casual, remote, platform, micro-work, online volunteering, etc.), among which digital employment is dynamically developing.  Attention is focused on the spread of digital employment among young people as the main progressive and knowledge-oriented social group. The global trends of digitalization of the economy and employment are analyzed with an emphasis on EU countries, which makes it possible to justify the strategic direction of the post-war recovery of Ukraine based on the digital economy. It is proposed to intensify stimulation of the digitalization of employment within the framework of the implementation of the state initiative "Industry 4.0" in the context of Ukraine's movement to the EU.


Originality. There are urgent actions which have been defined to create favorable conditions for digital transformations in the employment sector due to the tasks of the post-war recovery of Ukraine and the successful movement towards European integration. The main idea is to support youths: personnel training with sufficient digital competences; creation of organizational and legal environment for digital employment; support of digital business and youths’ employment as a strategic capital of Ukraine's future.


Conclusion. Digitalization of economy and employment should be considered as a strategic reference point for the post-war recovery of Ukraine and its successful movement towards the EU. The basis of this process should be the support of digital employment of the population, especially young people. The implementation of the developed proposals for the development of digital employment in Ukraine under the conditions of targeted state support can have a cumulative effect on the economy, increase the welfare of population and reduce the emigration of young people, accelerate the country's movement towards European integration.

Article Details

Section
Статті

References

Matthess М., Kunkel S. Structural change and digitalization in developing countries: conceptually linking the two transformations. Technology in Society. 2020. № 63. Р. 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techsoc.2020.101428

Charles L., Xia Sh., Coutts A. P. Digitalization and Employment. A Review / International Labour Organization, 2022. 58 р. URL: https://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/---ed_emp/documents/publication/wcms_854353.pdf

ILO Centenary Declaration for the Future of Work / International Labour Organization, 2019. 14 р. URL: https://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/@ed_norm/@relconf/documents/meetingdocument/wcms_711674.pdf

The Future of Jobs. Report 2020 / World Economic Forum, 2020. 163 p. URL: https://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_Future_of_Jobs_2020.pdf

Kässi O., Lehdonvirta V. Online labour index: Measuring the online gig economy for policy and research. Technological Forecasting and Social Change. 2018. Vol. 137. Pр. 241-248. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2018.07.056

The Online Labour Index 2020 : Online Labour Observatory. URL: http://onlinelabourobservatory.org/oli-demand/

Digitalization level of the European Union in 2022, by country : Statista. URL: https://www.statista.com/statistics/1245595/eu-digitalization-level/

How COVID-19 has pushed companies over the technology tipping point – and transformed business forever. Survey, 2020 : McKinsey. URL: https://www.mckinsey.com/capabilities/strategy-and-corporate-finance/our-insights/how-covid-19-has-pushed-companies-over-the-technology-tipping-point-and-transformed-business-forever

Статистичний збірник «Праця України» : Державна служба статистики України. URL: https://ukrstat.gov.ua/druk/publicat/Arhiv_u/11/Arch_pu_zb.htm

Do IT Like Ukraine / IТ Ukraine Assotiation, 2022. URL: https://itukraine.org.ua/files/reports/2022/DoITLikeUkraine2022.pdf

Aleksynska М., Bastrakova А., Kharchenko N. Work on Digital Labour Platforms in Ukraine: Issues and Policy Perspectives. International Labour Organization, 2018. 64 р. URL: https://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/---ed_protect/---protrav/---travail/documents/publication/wcms_635370.pdf

Зануда А., Ковалевська Є. Дистанційка по-українськи: як вона змінила роботу і що буде далі : BBC News Україна (28.04.2021). URL: https://www.bbc.com/ukrainian/features-56849251

Робота і зайнятість в умовах пандемії COVID-19 (травень 2021р.) : Разумков Центр. URL: https://razumkov.org.ua/napriamky/sotsiologichni-doslidzhennia/robota-i-zainiatist-v-umovakh-pandemii-covid19-traven-2021r

П’ятнадцяте загальнонаціональне опитування. Україна під час війни. зайнятість і доходи (23-24 липня 2022) : Рейтинг. URL: https://ratinggroup.ua/research/ukraine/pyatnadcat_obschenaci_ opros_ukraina_vo_vremya_voyny_zanyatost_i_dohody_23-24_iyulya_2022_goda.html

Про внесення змін до деяких законодавчих актів України щодо удосконалення правового регулювання дистанційної, надомної роботи та роботи із застосуванням гнучкого режиму робочого часу : Закон України № 1213-IX від 4.02.2021 року. URL: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/1213-20#Text

Ignat V. Digitalization and the global technology trends. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering. 2017. Vol. 227. Р. 14–17. DOI: 10.1088/1757-899X/227/1/012062

Better working conditions for a stronger social Europe: harnessing the full benefits of digitalisation for the future of work. Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the regions. Brussels, 9.12.2021. URL: https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=COM%3A2021%3A761%3AFIN

Report on fair working conditions, rights and social protection for platform workers – new forms of employment linked to digital development. European Parliament. 27.7.2021 (2019/2186(INI)). URL: https://www.europarl.europa.eu/doceo/document/A-9-2021-0257_EN.html#_section1

Біль М. М., Махонюк О. В., Мульска О. П., Бараняк І. Є., Карп’як М. О. Міграційна мобільність молоді: результати соціологічного дослідження та нові виклики в умовах війни: електрон. науково-аналітична доповідь / ДУ «Інститут регіональних досліджень імені М. І. Долішнього НАН України». Львів, 2022. 72 с.

Europe’s Digital Decade: digital targets for 2030. European Commission. URL: https://commission.europa.eu/strategy-and-policy/priorities-2019-2024/europe-fit-digital-age/europes-digital-decade-digital-targets-2030_en

Skills and Talent. European Commission. URL: https://commission.europa.eu/strategy-and-policy/priorities-2019-2024/promoting-our-european-way-life/new-pact-migration-and-asylum/skills-and-talent_en

Was ist Industrie 4.0? Bundesministerium für Wirtschaft und Klimaschutz. URL: https://www.plattform-i40.de/IP/Navigation/DE/Industrie40/WasIndustrie40/was-ist-industrie-40.html