FOREIGN EXPERIENCE OF STATE SUPPORT FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE BIOECONOMY
Main Article Content
Abstract
Introduction. Ensuring conditions for sustainable development is an urgent task for the global economy. One of the ways to solve this problem is the formation of a bioeconomy. Features of the bioeconomy are the use of biological renewable raw materials, optimization of the use of biological resources and production cycles, closed cycle technologies, environmentally safe technologies while maintaining the role of a social component of territorial development. The bioeconomy promotes the maximization of the potential of biological products and resources to reduce dependence on exhaustible and non-renewable resources and the associated pressures on land use and biodiversity and ecosystems. Valuable biomass can be grown through primary production, but it should also be harvested through supply chain residues and post-consumer waste, and sequestered from off-gases by optimizing production processes.
The purpose of the article is to reveal the experience of implementing mechanisms of state support for the development of the bioeconomy and to generalize the effective tools of state support.
Results.The methods and instruments of state support for the development of the bioeconomy, which are used in the practice of foreign countries, are singled out. Drivers of bioeconomy development are singled out. The prerequisites for the effectiveness of state support for the development of the bioeconomy and the conditions for the formation of a national bioeconomy model are summarized. It is shown that the majority of countries apply the program-target approach of state regulation of bioeconomy development. It has been proven that the formation of a national bioeconomy model depends not only on direct, but also on the creation of conditions for indirect support. A conceptual approach to the formation of a national bioeconomy model is proposed.
Originality. A conceptual approach to the formation of a national model of bioeconomy has been formed, which is based on the generalization of theoretical and methodological principles and practical experience of the formation of bioeconomy in developed countries and involves the analysis of resource potential and the current state of development of bioeconomic industries, the influence of the external environment. It was determined that for the formation of a national model of bioeconomy, complex implementation of institutional and legal, economic, scientific and technical and informational and analytical measures is necessary.
Conclusion. The formation of the national model of the bioeconomy is connected with the application of a systemic approach, which will involve a targeted impact on all components of the bioeconomy. It is proven that each country chooses the optimal ratio between various tools to support the development of the bioeconomy, depending on national characteristics and priority goals of economic policy.
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