KEY PRINCIPLES OF RETURN AND REEMIGRATION OF FORCED MIGRANTS TO UKRAINE
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Abstract
Introduction. The deep demographic crisis and mass forced migration caused by military aggression make it strategically important to develop effective mechanisms for the return and involvement of migrants in post-war socio-economic recovery. The issue of developing effective mechanisms for the reintegration of Ukrainians living abroad is of strategic importance. Contemporary scientific thought considers the process of migrant return not only in humanitarian or social terms, but also as a tool for restoring economic potential, stimulating innovation, and forming a new quality of human capital.
In view of this, the urgent task is to develop the conceptual foundations of state policy aimed at creating a favorable environment for the return, adaptation, and involvement of forced migrants in the processes of Ukraine's post-war recovery.
Purpose. Substantiation of the mechanisms and conditions for the return of forced migrants to Ukraine and the involvement of their potential in post-war socio-economic recovery.
Methods. Theoretical analysis of the key foundations of re-emigration and reintegration of forced migrants.
Results. The conditions that will facilitate the voluntary re-emigration of citizens who were forced to leave the country as a result of military operations are analyzed, the main challenges and problems on the way to the return of migrants are considered, it is found that in order to ensure the effective and timely return of migrants, this process should be initiated during the active phase of the war or immediately after its end. State institutions need to focus on the formation and implementation of comprehensive repatriation programs, the central element of which should be financial and economic mechanisms for stimulating the return and reintegration of citizens.
Originality. The main mechanisms for the return of forced migrants to Ukraine are argued.
Conclusion. The mass return of refugees is only possible if security and stable peace are restored and favorable socio-economic conditions are created, including the development of investment activity and the economic revival of the country. In this context, the implementation of large-scale investment projects, including with the participation of foreign capital and the Ukrainian diaspora, can ensure the restoration of the housing stock, the creation of high-paying jobs, and stimulate the process of voluntary return of citizens. An important prerequisite for the successful implementation of the repatriation policy is the active involvement of international partners and the use of external financial resources, including proceeds from frozen assets of the aggressor state, to provide comprehensive support for socio-economic and demographic recovery. In addition, an effective communication strategy and ensuring public consensus on the need for citizens to return are critical to minimizing social polarization and building trust in state policy. Only a combination of economic incentives, institutional reforms, security guarantees, and information support can create real conditions for the voluntary, safe, and sustainable return of Ukrainian refugees and ensure the full revival of the country.
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