STATE OF DEVELOPMENT OF UKRAINE'S TOURISM POTENTIAL IN AN ENVIRONMENT OF THREATS, CHALLENGES AND UNCERTAINTY
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Abstract
ntroduction. Modern tourism in Ukraine acquires the status of a messenger of peace and commonwealth between peoples, respect for their cultures and customs, an instrument of cooperation in various spheres of economic activity. As a type of economic activity, tourism is produced on the basis of the paradigm of the functioning and development of tourism potential. This paradigm has a socio-economic character, that is, a dialectical orientation towards the transition of countries to the acceleration of high-tech systems, the formation of a comprehensive development of the economic system, overcoming a large-scale crisis, and not only in the production sphere, where added value is formed, but also in the sphere of the tourism industry, where it multiplies at the fastest pace.
Purpose. The purpose of the article is to assess the state of development of Ukraine's tourism potential in an environment of threats, challenges and uncertainty, to identify segments of its safe environment in the country, taking into account factors that allow accumulating budget stimulation resources in territorial destinations and ensuring the effectiveness of the activities of entities in tourism clusters.
Results. The main negative and positive trends in the development of tourism potential in Ukraine are summarized. The volume of tourist tax in the pre-war and war periods of Ukraine is presented, as well as the structure of its receipts between the regions of the country. The distribution of resources by the amount of tax revenues to the budget of Ukraine from the economic activity of tourism cluster entities is carried out. The cost component of the economic activity of tourism cluster entities in the field of servicing and ensuring the development of the tourism potential of territorial destinations is presented. The dynamics of expenditures for the development of the tourism potential of territorial destinations from the state budget and the budget of local communities is analyzed.
Originality. The functional structure of clusters in the tourist potential is summarized. A comprehensive methodological approach to assessing the development of the tourist potential of territorial destinations by the level of accumulation of budget stimulation resources is presented. A methodological novelty among the scenarios for assessing the development of the tourist potential of territorial destinations is the determination of the effect of the accumulated budget stimulation resources on the restoration of the material and technical support of the subjects of tourist clusters, the sphere of service of territorial destinations under different conditions of their geographical location and the use of natural, ethnocultural, socio-historical components of the tourist potential. Scenarios of events regarding the restoration of the country's tourist potential are presented.
Conclusion. To ensure the development of tourism potential in Ukraine, it is necessary to introduce economic and legal mechanisms in the macrosystem of territorial destinations, which should regulate and weaken the influence of destructive factors of the external environment on the process of restoring the tourism system in Ukraine. The tourism sector has not only high economic, but also social potential, helping in the processes of rehabilitation and psychological recovery of the population. Investments in the development of infrastructure and new technologies, restoration of cultural and natural monuments, as well as the development of programs to support domestic tourism – all this is of key importance for attracting both Ukrainian and international partners to rebuild tourism potential in regions where tourism cluster entities are actively developing and which are expanding the service sector in territorial destinations.
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