ECONOMIC ESSENCE AND EVOLUTION OF INVESTMENT DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES IN THE AGRO-INDUSTRIAL COMPLEX
Main Article Content
Abstract
Introduction. The agro-industrial complex (AIC) is a strategically important sector of the national economy, ensuring food security, forming a significant share of export potential, and creating jobs in rural areas. However, the current state of the AIC in Ukraine and many post-socialist countries is characterized by chronic underfunding, high depreciation of fixed assets, limited access to long-term credit resources, and low investment attractiveness for private capital. The key problem is the absence or imperfection of strategic management of investment policy at the level of both individual enterprises and regions and the state as a whole. This necessitates a systematic study of the economic essence and evolution of investment development strategies in the AIC to develop theoretical and methodological foundations for their formation in modern conditions.
Materials and Methods. The study is based on a systematic approach to analyzing the evolution of investment strategies in the AIC. General scientific methods were used: theoretical generalization, analysis and synthesis, classification, comparative analysis, and historical method. The information base includes scientific publications of domestic and foreign authors, analytical reports, and materials from international financial institutions.
Results. The article reveals the economic essence of the investment development strategy of the AIC as a multi-component category that integrates target, resource, instrumental, and institutional components. Four stages of evolution of investment strategies in the AIC are identified and characterized: resource-oriented (1950s-1980s), production-modernization (1990s – early 2000s), innovation-technological (2010-2020), and ecosystem (from 2020). A typology of modern strategies is proposed, which includes conservative, extensive, intensive, innovation-technological, ecosystem (ESG-integrated), and integration types. Special attention is paid to the analysis of modern challenges and prospects for forming investment strategies in the AIC of Ukraine in the context of post-war reconstruction. The priority areas of investment strategy in the AIC of Ukraine include: restoration of destroyed infrastructure (irrigation systems, storage facilities, logistics hubs); demining of agricultural land; technical and technological modernization based on Industry 4.0; development of processing capacities to create added value; integration into global supply chains in compliance with ESG standards. Despite the challenges, Ukrainian agriculture demonstrates resilience and investment potential.
Conclusions. The conducted research allows us to conclude that the evolution of investment development strategies in the AIC is a natural process of adapting the agricultural sector to changes in the technological, economic, and institutional environment. The modern stage of evolution is characterized by a transition from strategies focused on maximizing profitability to ecosystem ESG-integrated strategies that combine economic efficiency with environmental sustainability and social responsibility. For Ukraine, forming an effective investment development strategy for the AIC should take into account the specific challenges of the war and post-war period. A comprehensive approach to assessing investment attractiveness, considering not only financial indicators but also innovation potential and support mechanisms, will facilitate capital attraction and modernization of the industry. Further research should be aimed at developing a methodological toolkit for assessing the effectiveness of different types of strategies and adapting global models to the conditions of post-conflict economies.
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