STATUS AND PROBLEMS OF EXPORT AND IMPORT OF AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS IN UKRAINE
Main Article Content
Abstract
Introduction. Ukraine is one of the world's leading agricultural producers and exporters, playing a significant role in ensuring global food security. However, despite its substantial potential, the country's agricultural foreign trade faces numerous challenges related to logistical constraints, price volatility, regulatory instability, and geopolitical risks. This paper aims to comprehensively analyze the current state and structural dynamics of Ukraine's agricultural exports and imports, assess the effectiveness of existing regulatory instruments, examine pricing mechanisms for exported commodities, and identify systemic barriers hindering the sector's development.
Materials and Methods. This study employs a systematic approach to analyzing statistical data on Ukraine's foreign agricultural trade over the past decade. The methodological framework includes quantitative analysis of export-import volumes and structure, comparative analysis of pricing trends, and a qualitative assessment of regulatory instruments. The research draws upon official statistics from the State Statistics Service of Ukraine, the Ministry of Agrarian Policy and Food, and international trade databases (UN Comtrade, ITC Trade Map). The analysis period covers 2016–2025 to capture recent trends and developments.
Results. The analysis reveals a persistent structural imbalance in Ukraine's agricultural foreign trade, characterized by the predominance of raw material and low-value-added products in the export structure (grains, oilseeds, vegetable oils) and a high import dependence for certain commodity groups, particularly those with higher value addition. The study identifies that export prices for Ukrainian agricultural products are largely determined by global market conditions (price-taking position), while the pricing methodology predominantly follows the cost-based approach with limited application of value-based strategies. Key constraints include logistical infrastructure deficiencies, insufficient value-added processing capacities, regulatory volatility, and limited product diversification.
Conclusions. The development of Ukraine's agricultural export potential requires a comprehensive approach encompassing infrastructure modernization, stimulation of processing industries, implementation of export price risk management tools, and regulatory stabilization. Priority directions should include transitioning from raw material exports to processed products, developing logistics infrastructure, and adapting the pricing system to market requirements.
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